【focused mode ---->diffuse mode】
1.focused mode
science math
learn small doses every day
difficult problem require more period unconsciously
(leave the "mortar" enough time to dry! enough time to work in the background.)
2.diffuse mode
sleep is the ultimate one
【chunk】
0.what is chunk?
chunk are pieces of information, neuroscientifically speaking, that bound together through use and often through meaning.
1.three basic aspects:
focused attention
understanding of the basic idea
practice to help you gain big picture context
(conceptual maps: do it when you master the pieces.)
2.STEPS TO BUILDING A POWERFUL CHUNK
1) Work a key problem all the way through on paper. (You should have the solution to this problem available, either because you’ve already worked it or because it’s a solved problem from your book. But don’t look at the solution unless you absolutely have to!) As you work through this problem, there should be no cheating, skipping steps, or saying, “Yeah, I’ve got it” before you’ve fully worked it out. Make sure each step makes sense.
2)Do another repetition of the problem, paying attention to the key processes. If it seems a little odd to work a problem again, keep in mind that you would never learn to play a song on the guitar by playing it only once, or work out by lifting a weight a single time.
3)Take a break. You can study other aspects of the subject if you need to, but then go do something different. Work at your part-time job, study a different subject,2 or go play basketball. You need to give your diffuse mode time to internalize the problem.
4)Sleep. Before you go to sleep, work the problem again.3 If you get stuck, listen to the problem. Let your subconscious tell you what to do next.
5)Do another repetition. As soon as you can the next day, work the problem again. You should see that you are able to solve the problem more quickly now. Your understanding should be deeper. You may even wonder why you ever had any trouble with it. At this point, you can start lightening up on computing each step. Keep your focus on the parts of the problem that are the most difficult for you. This continued focus on the hard stuff is called “deliberate practice.” Although it can sometimes be tiring, it is one of the most important aspects of productive studying. An alternative or supplement at this point is to see whether you can do a similar problem with ease.)
6) Add a new problem. Pick another key problem and begin working on it in the same way that you did the first problem. The solution to this problem will become the second chunk in your chunked library. Repeat steps one through five on this new problem. And after you become comfortable with that problem, move on to another. You will be surprised how even just a few solid chunks in your library can greatly enhance your mastery of the material and your ability to solve new problems efficiently.
7) Do “active” repetitions. Mentally review key problem steps in your mind while doing something active, such as walking to the library or exercising. You can also use spare minutes to review as you are waiting for a bus, sitting in the passenger seat of a car, or twiddling your thumbs until a professor arrives in the classroom. This type of active rehearsal helps strengthen your ability to recall key ideas when you are solving homework problems or taking a test.
3. Simple recall:
is the best way to help chunk process
【procrastination】
0. pomodoro
1.why? feel uncomfortable
the better you get at something, the more you'll find you enjoy it.
2.habit (how to harness) ----develop a good habit to save energy (don't waste precious willpower)
cue--- watch for it
routine--- have a plan
reward
belief--- 1)believe that your new system works is what can get you through
2)mental contrasting is a powerful motivating technique
3. planner-journal
write your planned tasks out the night before, so your brain has time to dwell on your goals to help ensure success.
The best way for you to gain control of your habits is simple: Once a week, write a brief weekly list of key tasks. Then, each day, write a list of the tasks that you can reasonably work on or accomplish. Try to write this daily task list the evening before.
4. A POSITIVE APPROACH TO PROCRASTINATION
"I tell my students they can procrastinate as long as they follow three rules:
1) No going onto the computer during their procrastination time. It’s just too engrossing.
2)Before procrastinating, identify the easiest homework problem. (No solving is necessary at this point.)
3) Copy the equation or equations that are needed to solve the problem onto a small piece of paper and carry the paper around until they are ready to quit procrastinating and get back to work.
“I have found this approach to be helpful because it allows the problem to linger in diffuse mode—students are working on it even while they are procrastinating.”
5. It’s normal to sit down with a few negative feelings about beginning your work. It’s how you handle those feelings that matters. (emotions strongly affect learning.)
【illusions of competence】
test yourself
minimize highlighting
mistakes are good
use deliberate practice
【law of serendipity】
lady luck favours the one who tries
the more you learn, the easier the process of study is.
【einstellung】
is when your initial thought, an idea, you've already had in mind, or a mental pattern you've already developed well and strengthened, prevents a better idea or solution from being formed, or keep you from being flexible.
【Introduction of memory】
In you try to glue things into your memory by repeating something 20 times in one evening, it won't stick nearly as well as if you practice it in the same number of times over several days.
Notes:a mind for numbers puts into practice
对“Notes:a mind for numbers puts into practice”的回应
《学习之道》热门书评
-
看完之后我明白我国的基础教育真是太先进了
27有用 16无用 dear0bear 2016-11-06
选购此书的时候,宣传文案上的几个问题吸引了我:“读完一本书,却不记得讲什么?美剧看了一箩筐,英语还是没长进?公众号、指导书、牛人帖,一个都没落,却还是没有形成自己的学习体系?”哇塞,简直不要太懂我,赶紧买回来拆封品读。看完之后我的心情是黑人问号*100首先,本书看目录确实整理了很多学习和记忆方法,但...
-
我的学习方法和时间管理规划
27有用 0无用 Dr.ice 2016-10-20
花了3天,利用早晨和晚上挤出的时间,在coursera修了Learning how to learn这门课。粗略浏览了一遍,这本书算是配套教材吧。最近研究学习方法论,此前读了Scott Young的《如何高效学习》,结合起来谈谈后续学习规划。要学的越来越多,精力越来越跟不上,学习是个“仰之弥高,钻之...
-
Notes:a mind for numbers puts into practice
11有用 3无用 Hua同学 2014-10-15
【focused mode ---->diffuse mode】1.focused modescience mathlearn small doses every daydifficult problem require more period unconsciously(leave the ...
-
WOW时刻
9有用 2无用 言叶 2015-04-07
读这本书时,总是会不时的反思自己从初中开始到大学的学习历程(小学被各种填鸭,所以自然忽略),曾经最为痛苦的问题就是,何以花费了别人N倍的时间,却总是结果不如人意。现在想来,我们先入为主的认为,只要努力,必有回报。只是这种努力也是需要科学的考量,这却从来没有人告诉过我。曾经花了N个小时的时间,在地理考...
-
读书笔记:《学习之道》
4有用 0无用 冬瓜瓜 2017-01-20
...
书名: 学习之道
作者: [美] 芭芭拉·奥克利
出版社: 机械工业出版社
原作名: :A Mind for Numbers: How to Excel at Math and Science (Even If You Flunked Algebra)
译者: 教育无边界字幕组
出版年: 2016-11
页数: 304
定价: 39.00元
装帧: 平装
丛书: 学习典藏书系
ISBN: 9787111552062